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Tag: Thoth

  • 1995: THE HALL OF RECORDS

    1995: THE HALL OF RECORDS

    WILL THE LEGENDARY EGYPTIAN TREASURE TROVE BE REDISCOVERED IN 1999?

    By Dr. Joseph Robert Jochmans

    Recently, archaeologists announced an important find has been brought to light, a major series of tombs found in the Valley of the Kings, the burial vaults of the sons of Ramses II. What is amazing is that previously, the Valley had been thoroughly searched for almost a century, and was thought to be completely exhausted for any further investigation. That a find of such major proportions could have eluded so many Egyptologists, including Howard Carter, the discoverer of the tomb of Tutankhamen in the same Valley, goes to show that the land of the Nile still has many secrets. What else, we may well ask, lurks below the sands?

    For untold centuries both historical and esoteric sources have passed down stories of a forgotten time-capsule of Ancient Wisdom, far greater in importance than the golden treasures of Tutankhamen. The various accounts speak of chambers located beneath the Great Pyramid and the Sphinx at Giza, filled with a technological legacy left by lost advanced civilizations older than Egypt itself. Along with the stories are also preserved a number of prophecies foretelling who, when and how the vanished time-capsule will be opened.
    The Messages in Stone

    Our search begins with several stone stelae or tablets from the Middle and New Kingdom periods (between 4,000 and 3,000 years old), found in the vicinity of the Sphinx, which show the great animal reclining on top of a high pedestal surmounted by a cornice. One ancient artist, a Twelfth Dynasty scribe named Mentu-her, made sure his viewers knew his subject matter was the Great Sphinx and not other sphinxes found along the Nile, by drawing in the Pyramids in perspective in the background, a technique very rarely seen in Egyptian art.

    Seven other stelae go further, and show a door on the side of the pedestal. The famous Stele of Thutmose IV, located between the paws of the Sphinx, likewise depicts at its top the Sphinx Iying upon an understructure, with a doorway clearly seen. Finally, on yet another stele, made by an official named Nezem, and now kept in the Louvre, there is clearly depicted a flight of six steps leading to the door.

    Conservative scholars have attempted to explain the pedestal as simply a representation of the nearby Temple of the Sphinx, because from a front view perspective the Sphinx does look like it sits on its roof. But this illusion can only be seen from the front and on the surface. The ancient artists, on the other hand, depicted the pedestal from the side and from below.

    In the 1930’s, the sands around the Sphinx were finally completely cleared away, and we now know that the ancient monument rests firmly on bedrock. But the bedrock itself may have been the pedestal the Egyptian artists had in mind. And deep below somewhere along the southern side may yet be discovered the six steps and doorway, the entrance to secret hollowed out chambers undisturbed.

    An important early Egyptian source that tells us much about the Hall of Records is called the Building Texts, found among the hieroglyph inscriptions on the inner enclosure wall of the temple of Horus at Edfu, in the heart of southern Egypt. The Building Texts refer to a number of now lost documents, grouped together into what was called The Sacred Book of Temples, which gave a history and description of the major shrines along the Nile from a very remote period. These were first established by a group of creator-entities called the Shebtiw, who were associated with the god Divine Heart or Thoth, the Egyptian deity of Wisdom.

    According to the Building Texts, the sacred books and power objects were eventually placed back inside the bw-hmn or Hall, and the Shebtiw sealed the entrance, constructed a new enclosure about it, and erected power staffs and pillars outside to protect its secrets, hidden away again from all but its guardians. The site thereafter became known as bw-hmr, the Place of the Throne of the Soul, regarded as the location where only the highest Initiations were performed.

    In another Egyptian text, known today as the Westcar Papyrus, which bears evidence of dating to the Fourth Dynasty, is the story of an enigmatic sage named Djeda who could not only perform miraculous feats of magic, but who also possessed certain information concerning what he called the secret chambers of the books of Thoth. In the narrative, Djeda told Pharaoh Khufu the location of specific keys that will one day open the hidden place, which he described as follows: In the city of Ani (Heliopolis) is a temple called the House of Sapti, referring to Septi, the fifth Pharaoh of the First Dynasty, who reigned about 3000 B.C. Within the temple is a special library room where the scrolls of inventory are kept. The walls of this room are made of sandstone blocks, and either within or behind one of these blocks is a secret niche containing a small box made of flint or whetstone. It is within this box that the ipwt-seals or keys that will open the secret chambers of Thoth, the Hall of Records, may still be hidden.

    When Khufu asked Djeda to bring these keys to him, the sage replied he did not have the power to do so, but prophesied that he who some day would find the keys would be one of three sons born to Rad-dedet, the wife of the chief priest of Ra in Heliopolis, Lord of Sakhbu (the second Lower Egyptian nome or district in the Nile Delta), and that the three would be born on the 15th day of the month of Tybi (our October-November).

    Now it is generally interpreted that the three mentioned were the first three Pharaohs of the succeeding Fifth Dynasty. But because much of Egyptian literature is multi-leveled in its symbolism, there is reason to believe that a more hidden meaning may have been intended, that the three enigmatic brothers may also be those yet future individuals who will one day find and open the Hall of Records.

    Today, many portions of the old city of Heliopolis are still buried and unexcavated, silently resting underneath the expanding suburbs of Cairo. The secret of the House of Septi may yet await discovery.
    Ancient Tales

    Interpreter of ancient languages Zecharia Sitchin cites a hymn composed in the Eighteenth Dynasty which speaks of the god Amun taking on the functions of the heavenly Harakhty (the Sphinx) who attains perception in his heart, command on his lips as he enters the two caverns which are under his (the Sphinx’s) feet. The command of Amun is then placed into the writings of Thoth, the god of Hidden Knowledge and Initiation.

    The famed Greek historian Herodotus, in 443 B.C., recorded after his visit to Egypt that extending beneath and in all directions far beyond the pyramid whereon great figures are graven is a vast labyrinth, and a way into it underground.

    In the Corpus Hermeticum, a body of treatises compiled from older materials toward the beginning of the Christian era, we find in one of these works, the Virgin of the World, these words:

    The sacred symbols of the cosmic elements, the secrets of Osiris, were hidden carefully. Hermes (the Greek equivalent to Thoth), before his return to Heaven, invoked a spell on them, and said, O holy books which have been made by my immortal hands, by incorruption’s magic spell remain free from decay throughout eternity and incorrupt by time. Become unseeable, unfindable, from everyone whose foot shall tread the plains of this land, until old Heaven shall bring instruments for you, whom the Creator shall call His souls. Thus spake he, and laying the spells on them by means of his works, he shut them safe away in their rooms. And long has been the time since they were hid away.

    The Roman Marcellinus, in the 4th century, stated: There are certain subterranean galleries and passages full of windings beneath the pyramids which, it is said, the adepts in the ancient rites (knowing that the flood was coming, and fearing that the memory of the sacred ceremonies would be obliterated), constructed vaults in various places, mining them out of the ground with great labor. And upon leveled walls they engraved the hieroglyphic characters.

    Marcellinus contemporary, Iamblichus, wrote a treatise on the Mysteries of the Egyptians, and described the Initiation associated with the Sphinx. In a secret location between the paws of the feline monument, he said, is a bronze door, its opening triggered by a hidden spring. Beyond it, the neophytes went into a circular room. From this point on, they were subject to a series of trials to become full members among the Initiates, eventually reaching Masterhood.

    In similar fashion, the tenth century Coptic chronicler Al Masudi observed from earlier accounts that in the area of the Sphinx were subterranean doorways to the Giza monuments: One entered the pyramid through a vaulted underground passage 100 cubits or more long; each pyramid had such a door and entry.

    In later centuries, the medieval Arab chronicler Firouzabadi noted that the chambers of the Sphinx were constructed at the same time as the Great Pyramid: The Pyramid was erected by Esdris (Hermes or Thoth), to preserve there the sciences, to prevent their destruction. And also, the first priests, by observations of the stars, preserved records of medicine, magic and talismans elsewhere. Likewise, Ibn Abd Alhokim, who told the story of the antediluvian king Salhouk’s dream of the Flood and his building of the Pyramid to save wisdom, also recounted that Salhouk dug a vault nearby the Pyramid, filling it with all manners of works on mathematics, astronomy and physics: And they built gates (entrances) of it forty cubits underground, with foundations of massive stones from the Ethiopians, and fastened them together with lead and iron. When Salhouk was finished, he covered it with colored marble from top to bottom and he appointed a solemn festival, at which were present all the inhabitants of the kingdom.

    The Jewish historian Josephus recorded further that Enoch built an underground temple of nine vaults, one beneath the other, placing within tablets of gold. His son, Methuselah, also worked on the project, putting in the brick walls of the vaults according to his father’s plan. As Manly P. Hall noted, the Freemasons predict that someday a man will locate this buried vault, and that he will be an initiate after the order of Enoch.
    Prophetic Code

    Ever since two centuries ago when Sir Isaac Newton took a special interest in the sacred geometry of the Great Pyramid, and speculated that its inner labyrinth of tunnels and chambers was a prophecy calendar in stone, a host of scholars who have attempted to elaborate on this idea, and crack the Pyramid’s prophetic code.

    In correlation with the prophecy inside the Great Pyramid, the nearby Sphinx may hold its own symbology of past and future happenings. According to ancient Egyptian and Coptic traditions, one of the earlier forms of the Sphinx, before it was carved into its present configuration, is that it had the front paws of a lion, the back legs and tail of a bull, the face of a human, and along its sides where today one can see the remains of stone incendiary boxes, fires were lit at night to give the Sphinx the appearance of having the flaming wings of an eagle.

    Lion. Bull. Human. Eagle. We have here not only the Four Beings before the throne of the Divine as described in the Books of Ezekiel and the Revelations, but we also have here the four Fixed signs of the Zodiac, Leo, Taurus, Aquarius and Scorpio.

    Most significantly, in the Precession of the Equinoxes, the distant Age of Leo 12,000 years ago saw the burial of the Hall of Records beneath the Sphinx’s front paws. Recent archaeological and geologic surveys conducted by John Anthony West and Robert Schoch have demonstrated that the Sphinx does indeed date to such a remote time period.

    Today we have just entered the Age of Aquarius, and the face of the Sphinx symbolizes the face of global humanity joined in one mind and one heart, the goal of evolving Aquarian civilization.

    Another 6,000 years into the future will complete the Sphinx’s prophecy in the distant Age of Scorpio, when perhaps humanity’s spiritual evolution will be complete. The flaming wings of the Sphinx may be more than just that of an eagle; they may signify the fire of the Phoenix, the higher form of Scorpio that epitomizes its central themes of death and transfiguration. It is striking to note that the Pyramid’s time line ending in the 83rd century will also fall in the Age of Scorpio.

    Another theory sees the Sphinx embodying not only the four Fixed signs, but more specific astrological locations which Philip Sedgwick in his book Astrology of Deep Space identifies as the Four Points of Avatar, found at 14 degrees of Leo, Taurus, Aquarius and Scorpio. There are those students of the Egyptian Mysteries who believe that when all Four Points of Avatar will be triggered by planetary configurations, this may be a cosmic key for opening the doorway into the Sphinx’s forgotten secrets.

    Significantly, the next occurrence will take place on August 6, 1999. Will this presage the opening of the hidden Hall of Records? After that, the only other Four Points of Avatar hits to take place in the foreseeable future will be from May 4-14, 2003; November 6-11, 2005; and January 2-10, 2006.
    The Visionaries

    America’s most famous psychic, Edgar Cayce, who lived from 1877 to 1945, saw in vision that at the same time the Great Pyramid was being built over 12,000 years ago, other activities were underway to preserve books of knowledge. The hiding place for these books Cayce variously described as the hall of records yet to be uncovered, a storehouse of records, a time-capsule, a small tomb or pyramid, the pyramid of unknown origins as yet, the holy mount yet to be uncovered. As to which direction from the Sphinx the Hall lies, the seer specified in several trances that it is between that monument and the Nile river, toward the east, as the sun rises from the waters, the line of the shadow (or light) falls between the paws of the Sphinx.

    Renowned as France’s most famous seer, Nostradamus in 1558 published the completed edition of his book of prophecies, Les Vrayes Centuries, The True Centuries. The book was composed of 969 prophetic quatrains or four-lined poetic verses, all purposely written cryptically as a defense against the Inquisition of his day, who took a dim view of all forms of forecasting.

    Despite the obscuring of his words, many of Nostradamus prophetic verses have seen their fulfillment to a remarkable degree of accuracy, describing such twentieth century events as the World Wars, the landing of a man on the Moon, and even such modem happenings of the 1990s as the fall of Communism in Russia, the end of the Cold War, the Gulf War, the reunification of Germany, plus the rise of global pollution and the AIDS epidemic.

    Nostradamus also left behind a significant group of verses which, once we work out the seer’s puzzling cryptics, offers us invaluable information about the coming opening of the lost Hall of Records in Egypt.

    Here’s one example:
    They will come to discover the hidden topography of the land (at Giza),

    The urns holding wisdom within the monuments (the Pyramids) opened up,

    Their contents will cause the understanding of holy philosophy to expand greatly,

    White exchanged for black, falsehoods exposed, new wisdom replacing the established tradition that no longer work. VII,14.
    The Message From the Past to the Future

    When we look at the sum total of information from both historical and psychic sources regarding the Hall of Records, we find some remarkable correlations. These include: its location (below and around the Sphinx), age (at least twelve millennia old), identity of its builder (Thoth-Hermes), purposes (a storehouse and Initiation site), descriptions of its contents (advanced wisdom and science), the number of its future openers (three), the circumstances of its re-discovery (found by spiritual intuition), and the coming time-frame when it could possibly be brought to light (between 1999 and 2012).

    Most modern conservative Egyptologists believe that the Hall of Records is nothing more than a mere myth or fable, because its existence does not fit into currently acceptable views of ancient history. Yet the stubborn persistence of the story of the lost Hall through the millennia, plus the consistency of its description and the integrity of the many sources testifying to its reality, suggests there is something very substantial to the story, that it may be based on fact. Perhaps very soon, within the next fifteen years if the prophecies are right, we will be able to agree with Egyptologist Gerald Massey, who wrote: Someday what we thought was myth will be found to contain the true history of the past, while what we always regarded as history will be relegated to a myth of our own making.

    Finding of the Hall of Records will no doubt catalyze the transformation of everything we know about the past, and in so doing, will also revolutionize how we will enter the future ahead. The lost time-capsule from the past may be destined to change the very nature of time itself, as we know it.
    Copyright 1995. Joseph Robert Jochmans. All rights reserved. Excerpted from Joseph’s book, Time-Capsule: the Search for the Lost Hall of Records in Ancient Egypt.
    Atlantis Rising Copyright 1994-1996 – all rights reserved
    P.O. Box 441, Livingston, Montana 59047

  • HORUS, ANUBIS, OSIRIS, & THOTH

    HORUS, ANUBIS, OSIRIS, & THOTH

    HORUS (Hor, Heru, Her)
    Symbols: hawk/falcon, bull, Double Crown, Winged Disk, Udjat, Sphinx, weapons, iron, blacksmiths Cult Center: Edfu, Buto and Heliopolis
    Myths: Isis and Osiris
    The falcon-headed god, the kings of Egypt associated themselves with Horus. Horus was among the most important gods of Egypt, particularly because the Pharaoh was supposed to be his earthly embodiment. Kings would eventually take the name of Horus as one of their own. At the same time, the Pharaohs were the followers of Re and so Horus became associated with the sun as well. To the people this solar deity became identified as the son of Osiris. Attempts to resolve the conflicts between these different gods in different parts of Egypt resulted in at least fifteen distinct forms of Horus. They can be divided fairly easily into two groups, solar and Osirian, based on the parentage of the particular form of Horus. If he is said to be the son of Isis, he is Osirian; otherwise he is a solar deity. The solar Horus was called the son of Atum, or Re, or Geb and Nut variously.

    As Harsiesis, he is “Horus, the son of Isis”. Horus was conceived magically by Isis following the murder of his father, Osiris. Horus was raised by his mother on the floating island of Chemmis near Buto. He was in constant danger from his evil uncle Seth but his mother protected him and he survived.

    As a child, Horus was known as Harpokrates, “the infant Horus”, and was portrayed as a baby being suckled by Isis. He was said to be stunted from the waist down. This may be because his father was dead when he was concieved or perhaps because he was born prematurely. Harpokrates is pictured as a seated child sucking his thumb and having his hair fashioned in a sidelock that symbolized his youth. On his head he wore the royal crown and uraeus. In later times he was affiliated with the newborn sun.

    As Harmakhis, “Horus in the Horizon”, he personified the rising sun and was associated with Khepera as a symbol of resurrection or eternal life.

    haroerisHaroeris, “Horus the Elder”, was one of the earliest forms of Horus and the patron deity of Upper (southern) Egypt. He was said to be the son, or sometimes the husband of Hathor. He was also the brother of Osiris and Seth. He became the conquerer of Seth (the patron of Lower Egypt) c. 3000 BCE when Upper Egypt conquered Lower Egypt and formed the united kingdom of Egypt. He was depicted as a falcon-headed man, sometimes wearing the crowns of Upper and Lower Egypt.

    Horus (the elder) had numerous wives and children, and his ‘four sons’ were grouped together and generally said to be born of Isis. The four were known as: Duamutef, Imsety, Hapi and Qebehsenuef. They were born from a lotus flower and were solar gods associated with the creation. They were retrieved from the waters of Nun by Sobek on the orders of Re. It was believed that Anubis gave them the funerary duties of mummification, the Opening of the Mouth, the burial of Osiris and all men. Horus later made them protectors of the four cardinal points. In the Hall of Ma’at they sat on a lotus flower in front of Osiris. Most commonly, however, they were remembered as the protectors of the internal organs of the deceased. Each son protected an organ, and each son was protected by a goddess.

    Horus Behdety was a form of Horus the Elder that was worshipped originally in the western Delta at Behdet. As the son and heir of Re, Behdety was a form of Horus that was assimilated into the Heliopolitan system of beliefs yet not completely identified with Re. Behdety was a defender of Re during his earthly kingship against Seth. He was usually portrayed as a winged sun-disk or as a falcon hovering over the Pharaoh during battles. When shown as a falcon-headed man wearing the double crown he carries a falcon-headed staff, the weapon he used to defeat Seth.

    220px-Anubis_standingANUBIS (Yinepu, Anpu)
    Symbols: jackel, ox-hide hanging from a pole, embalming equipment, flail,
    flags
    Cult Center: Heliopolis
    Links: Temple of Anubis
    The jackal-god of mummification, he assisted in the rites by which a dead man was admitted to the underworld. Anubis was worshipped as the inventor of embalming and who embalmed the dead Osiris and thereby helping to preserve him that he might live again.

    Anubis is portrayed as a man with the head of a jackel holding the divine sceptre carried by kings and gods; as simply a jackel or as a dog accompanying Isis. His symbol was a black and white ox-hide splattered with blood and hanging from a pole. It’s meaning is unknown.

    Anubis had three important functions. He supervised the embalmment of bodies. He received the mummy into the tomb and performed the Opening of the Mouth ceremony and then conducted the soul in the Field of Celestial Offerings. Most importantly though, Anubis monitored the Scales of Truth to protect the dead from deception and eternal death.

    Early in Egyptian history, Anubis was a god of the dead. This role was usurped by Osiris as he rose in popularity.

    The god of embalming is probably associated with the jackel due to the habits of jackels to lurk about tombs and graves. One of the reasons the early Egyptians sought to make their tombs more elaborate was to keep the bodies safe from the jackels lingering about the graves. It is only natural therefore that a god of mummification would be connected with them. By worshipping Anubis, the Egyptians hoped to invoke him to protect their deceased from jackels, and later, the natural decay that unprotected bodies endure.

    Anubis was the son of Nephthys: and his father was Osiris. One myth says that Nephthys got Osiris drunk and the resultant seduction brought forth Anubis. Yet another says she disguised herself as Isis and seduced Osiris and subsequently gave birth to Anubis.

    osiris-god-of-the-underworldOSIRIS (Asar, Wesir, Ausar, Unnefer)
    Symbols: crook and flail, djed, White and Atef Crowns, bull, mummified form, throne, Bennu (phoenix)
    Cult Center: Abydos, Busiris and Heliopolis
    Myths: “Isis and Osiris”
    A god of the earth and vegetation, Osiris symbolized in his death the yearly drought and in his miraculous rebirth the periodic flooding of the Nile and the growth of grain. He was a god-king who was believed to have given Egypt civilization.

    Osiris was the first child of Nut and Geb, and therefore the brother of Seth, Nephthys, and Isis. He was married to his sister, Isis. He was also the father of Horus and Anubis. These traditions state that Nephthys (mother of Anubis) assumed the form of Isis, seduced him (perhaps with wine) and she became pregnant with Anubis.

    The oldest religious texts refer to Osiris as the great god of the dead, and throughout these texts it is assumed that the reader will understand that he once possessed human form and lived on earth. As the first son of Geb, the original king of Egypt, Osiris inherited the throne when Geb abdicated. At this time the Egyptians were barbarous cannibals and uncivilized. Osiris saw this and was greatly disturbed. Therefore, he went out among the people and taught them what to eat, the art of agriculture, how to worship the gods, and gave them laws. Thoth helped him in many ways by inventing the arts and sciences and giving names to things. Osiris was Egypt’s greatest king who ruled through kindness and persuasion. Having civilized Egypt, Osiris traveled to other lands, leaving Isis as his regent, to teach other peoples what he taught the Egyptians.

    During Osiris’ absence, Isis was troubled with Seth’s plotting to acquire both her and the throne of Egypt. Shortly after Osiris’ return to Egypt, in the twenty-eighth year of his reign, on the seventeenth day of the month of Hathor (late September or November), Seth and 72 conspirators murdered him. They then threw the coffin in which he was murdered into the Nile, with his divine body still inside.

    Isis, with the help of her sister Nephthys, and Anubis and Thoth, magically located Osiris’ body. Upon learning the his brother’s body was found, Seth went to it and tore it into fourteen pieces and scattered them throughout Egypt. Isis once again found every part of his body, save his phallus (it had been eaten by the now-cursed Nile fish). She magically re-assembled Osiris and resurrected him long enough to be impregnated by him so that she could give birth to the new king Horus.

    Seth of course was not willing to surrender the throne of Egypt to the youthful Horus and thus a tribunal of gods met to decide who was the rightful king. The trial lasted eighty years. Eventually through Isis’ cunning she won the throne for her son.

    Osiris meanwhile had become the king of the Afterlife. He was believed to be willing to admit all people to the Duat, the gentle, fertile land in which the righteous dead lived, that had lived a good and correct life upon earth, and had been buried with appropriate ceremonies under the protection of certain amulets, and with the proper recital of certain “divine words” and words of power. His realm was said to lie beneath Nun, in the northern heavens or in the west.

    It is as the King of the Afterlife that Osiris gained his supreme popularity. He was originally a minor god of Middle Egypt, especially in comparison to the gods of Heliopolis and Hermopolis, etc. Noting his increasing popularity, and sensing that Osiris would one day eclipse the adoration of their own gods, the priests of these cities adopted him into their own cosmogonies.

    The elements of his story was seen as symbolic of real events that happened in Egypt. With his original association to agriculture, his death and resurrection were seen as symbolic of the annual death and re-growth of the crops and the yearly flooding of the Nile. The sun too with its daily re-birth and death was associated with Osiris. His rivalry with his brother Seth, the god of storms and the desert, was symbolic of the eternal war between the fertile lands of the Nile Valley and the barren desert lands just beyond. The pharaoh of Egypt was called Horus, while his deceased father was the new Osiris.

    Several festivals during the year were held in Egypt, in celebration of Osiris. One, held in November, celebrated his beauty. Another, called the “Fall of the Nile” was a time of mourning. As the Nile receded, the Egyptians went to the shore to give gifts and show their grief over his death. When the Nile began to flood again, another festival honoring Osiris was held whereby small shrines were cast into the river and the priests poured sweet water in the Nile, declaring that the god was found again.

    The name “Osiris” is the Greek corruption of the Egyptian name “Asar” (or Usar) . There are several possibilities as to what this name means, “the Strength of the Eye”, is one. Another is “He Sees the Throne”. The oldest and simplest form of the name is the hieroglyph of the throne over an eye (there are at least 158 versions of the name). At one point the first syllable of the name was pronounced “Aus” or “Us” and may have gained the meaning of the word usr, “strength, might, power”. At this time the Egyptians supposed the name to mean something like the “strength of the Eye” (i.e., the strength of the Sun-god Ra.

    Another possibility raised by an ancient hymn’s author is that the name “Unnefer” (another name by which Osiris was known) comes from the roots un (“to open, to appear, to make manifest”) and neferu, (“good things”). The author then wrote these lines in his hymn to the god, “Thy beauty maketh itself manifest in thy person to rouse the gods to life in thy name Unnefer”. In any case, even to the ancients, the origin of Osiris’ Egyptian name is a mystery.

    Osiris was usually portrayed as a bearded, mummified human with green skin and wearing the atef crown. His hands emerge from the mummy wrappings and hold the flail and crook.

    300px-Thoth.svg_THOTH (Djehuty, Tahuti, Tehuti)
    Symbols: ibis, baboon, writing palette and reed pens
    Cult Center: Hermopolis
    The god of wisdom and learning. He was said to be self-created in the beginning along with his consort, the goddess Ma’at (truth). The two produced eight children, the most important being Amon. Alternately depicted as an ibis-headed human, an ibis, or a baboon (or dog-headed ape), perhaps because the grave facial expressions of these creatures suggested thoughtfulness. He carries a pen and scrolls with which he records all things.

    Thoth was believed to have filled many roles in the world of the gods. It was believed that he invented writing and was the vizier and official scribe of the afterworld, and that the Book of the Dead was written by him. He and Ma’at were believed to stand on either side of Re in his boat as he (as the Sun) traveled across the sky. It was thought that they also may have directed the course that the boat took. It was widely believed that Thoth invented the magical and hermetic arts, and thus the Tarot deck is frequently referred to as the “Book of Thoth” He was associated with the moon; as the sun vanished, Thoth tried to dispel the darkness with his light.

    Thoth is shown attending all major scenes involving the gods, but most especially at the judgement of the deceased. It is here that he (shown as a dog-headed ape) sits on the top of the balance that weighs the heart of the deceased to determine if it is as light as ma’at. The concept of ma’at is one of truth, justice, and “that which is straight”. It may even be related to “cosmic order”. The baboon Thoth informs the ibis-headed Thoth when the balance is at equilibrium. The ibis-headed Thoth then makes his report to the other gods who then pass judgement on the deceased.

     

  • Hearst Medical Papyrus

    Hearst Medical Papyrus

    Remedies for the belly

    pHearst 1
    (No headline)
    /////// make it into a tablet, [put] another on top, dip into honey.
    To be swallowed by the patient.

    pHearst 2
    (Ebers No.18, 22, 25, 32, 33)
    Remedy for evacuating the belly
    /////// SASA fruit 1 ro, mix with HsA, make into 7 pills, dip into honey.
    To be swallowed by the patient.

    pHearst 3
    (= Ebers No.32)
    Remedy [for evacuating the belly]
    A lump of salt, dip in honey.
    To be swallowed by the patient. To be taken with a finger full of honey afterwards [or wash down] with sweet beer.
    For 4 days.

    pHearst 26
    (Ebers 86, 97, 129)
    Remedy for curing the wxd in the belly
    Grains of SASA 4 ro, sam plant 4 ro, fruit of the Sn-tA plant 4 ro, sweet beer 20 ro, zrm liquid 5 ro.
    Take for 4 days.

    pHearst 48
    (= Ebers No.217)
    Remedy for expelling the disease of the pit of the stomach
    Flour of dates 8 ro, fruit of the DAr.t plant 1 ro, amA grains 5 ro, sweet beer 25 ro. Cook, filter.
    Take for 4 days. Divide into doses of 10 ro.

    pHearst 49
    (= Ebers No.218)
    Another remedy
    Milk 5 ro, honey 2 ro, water 10 ro. Cook, filter.
    Take for 4 days.

    pHearst 50
    (Ebers No.284f)
    Remedy to cause the stomach to accept bread
    Figs 4 ro, jns.t fruit 4 ro, xntj earth 1 ro, honey 1 ro, water 5 ro.
    As previously.

    pHearst 58
    (= Ebers No.7)
    Remedy to open the body (purging)
    Milk 25 ro, flour 8 ro, honey 8 ro, sweet beer 5 ro. Filter.
    Take for 4 days.

    Remedies for the anus

    pHearst 4
    Remedy to expel the rhn of the wxd in the anus.
    Fruit of the xt-ws.t tree.
    Bandage with it.

    pHearst 5
    ////////
    //////.
    Bandage with it, for as long as it smells badly. During 4 days.

    pHearst 6
    The same
    Fruit of the DAr.t plant, mix with honey, make into /////

    pHearst 7
    Remedy for the anus when it is ill
    Make hot poultices with (flat) plates, with sand or with HsAr of beer.

    pHearst 88
    Remedy for the kns body part (probably the perineum) when it is ill.
    Fruit of the doum palm 8 ro, gum 1 ro, water 5 ro. Expose to the dew over night.
    Take daily.

    pHearst 93
    (Ebers No.138, 140, 143, 160, 785)
    Remedy for cooling the anus
    Crushed waH grains 8 ro, wDaj.t of dates 8 ro, fresh bread 4 ro, fruit of the doum palm 8 ro, water 20 ro. Expose to the dew over night.
    Take for 4 days.

    Remedies for the teeth

    pHearst 8
    (Ebers 743)
    [Remedy for fastening a tooth] which is about to fall out
    Kernels of the doum palm 5 ro, sam plant 5 ro, gum 5 ro.
    Apply to the tooth.

    Remedies for the blood

    pHearst
    Treating the blood ////
    ////// 1/2 ro, gum 2 ro, flour 4 ro, jns.t seeds 12 1/2 ro, water 10 ro. Expose to the dew during the night.
    Move from side to side in the mouth. For 4 days.

    pHearst 69
    For treating the hb-n-tA in the blood
    Roasted wheat grains 2 1/2 ro, jHw grains 2 1/2 ro,goose lard 4 ro, water 20 ro. Expose to the dew over night, filter.
    Take 4 days.

    pHearst 129
    (Ebers No.724) Remedy for driving out “blood eating” from all limbs
    Crush HD plant with tallow.
    Apply.

    pHearst 130
    (Ebers No.725)
    The same
    AH bread, mix with natron and jnj.t of dates.
    Put on the places where there is blood.

    pHearst 143
    (= Ebers No.593)
    Remedy for driving out a “nest of blood”, which has not settled yet
    sam plant 4 ro, jSd fruit 2 ro, SASA grains 1/2 ro, fruit of the Sn plant 4 ro, goose fat 2 ro. Cook with abundant beer.
    Drink for 4 days.

    Remedies for unidentified diseases

    pHearst 10
    ////// on the first day
    Fruit of the DAr.t plant /////, beans 20 ro, ama flour. Grind, mix with the mstA of a Hdw vessel.
    Bandage with it. For 4 days.

    pHearst 11
    2nd remedy
    Mix fresh barley flour, cream, [with honey].
    [Bandage] with it. For 4 days.

    pHearst 12
    3rd remedy
    Fruit of the DAr.t plant 20 ro, ama of spelt ////, with HsA //// grind
    //// [until] he is well. For 4 days.

    pHearst 17
    (= Ebers No.72)
    To expel the tpA.t from the head
    Grains of barley, ground and roasted, 5 ro, kernels of the doum palm ground and roasted 5 ro, soft tallow 5 ro, mix.
    Apply to the head.
    At ///// of his head cause him to bend to the ground without giving a remedy against it. But after his head has been anointed with this remedy, it shall be smeared in with fish grease on the 2nd day, it shall be smeared in with hippo grease on the 3rd day, it shall be rubbed with the crumb (?) of spoilt wheat bread by applying it to his head every day.

    pHearst 19
    Remedy against whj
    Blood of ox, cook, eat.

    pHearst 20
    Remedy for soothing the HAj.t
    Put pig’s blood into wine. Drink immediately

    pHearst 22
    (= Ebers No.433)
    Remedy
    Incense 5 ro, xntj earth 5 ro, wdd of a goat 5 ro, mix.
    Bandage with it.

    pHearst 23
    (= Ebers No.434)
    Remedy
    qsn.tj plant 5 ro, incense 5 ro, grains from the HD plant 5 ro, stew to a salve.
    Bandage with it.

    pHearst 24
    (= Ebers No.437)
    To expel xnsj.t from the head
    Castor berries 5 ro, tallow [5 ro], oil 5 ro, mix.
    Rub in daily.

    pHearst 25
    Remedy for expelling Sna
    Make wheat into dough, wash, cook, expose to the dew over night. Filter it in the morning and add 4 ro of honey and strain it through cloth.
    Take during 4 days. I have witnessed that it helped me.

    pHearst 28
    (= Ebers No.632)
    Remedy for treating the left side
    Figs 8 ro, jSd fruit 4 ro, jwnSj fruit 4 ro, jns.t fruit 20 ro, gum 1 ro, xntj earth 1 ro, incense 1/2 ro, smtj 1/2 ro, cumin 1/2 ro, flour 1 ro, water 160 ro. Expose to dew during the night, filter.
    Take for 4 days.

    pHearst 34
    Expelling “the influences” from all limbs
    xt-ws.t 5 ro, afAj grains 5 ro, acacia seeds 5 ro, mix with goat tallow.
    Bandage with it.

    pHearst 37
    (= Ebers No.584)
    What is to be used against nhp in the limbs
    Cook pulverized nHAsawj with grease.
    Apply the nhp to all body parts of the male patient or female patient.

    pHearst 38
    Remedy against saS.t
    Milk of sycamore, flour of DAr.t fruit.
    Apply.

    pHearst 39
    (= Ebers No.537)
    Drive out ASj.t
    Fruit of the DAr.t plant, salt of the North, cook with urine.
    Apply.

    pHearst 40
    (= Ebers No.538)
    Another remedy
    Gum, natron, acacia seeds, pulverize.
    Bandage with it.

    pHearst 53
    (= Ebers No.4)
    Remedy for expelling disease from the body
    Mix THwj fruit with beer.
    Swallow.

    pHearst 55
    (= Ebers No.5)
    Remedy for the body when it is ill
    Cumin 1/2 ro, goose lard 4 ro, milk 20 ro.
    As above.

    pHearst 56
    (= Ebers No.6)
    The same
    Figs 4 ro, jSd fruit 4 ro, sweet beer 20 ro.
    As above.

    pHearst 71
    (= Ebers No.243)
    II. Remedy, prepared by Shu for Re himself
    Wheat meal 5 ro, salt of the North 5 ro, lard 5 ro, fruit of the SAw plant 5 ro, charcoal soot from the wall 5 ro, flour of the DAr.t fruit 5 ro, bean flour 5 ro, qsntj plant 5 ro, incense 5 ro, xntj earth 5 ro, HsA 5 ro. Mix.
    Bandage the parts which are ill with it.

    pHearst 72
    (= Ebers No.244)
    III. Remedy, prepared by Tefnut for Re himself
    Flour of amaa 5 ro, Snf.t grains 5 ro, lard 5 ro. Grind together.
    Bandage with it all parts which are ill. This will expel diseases, the influences of the male and female spirit from the body of the patient so that he will be will immediately.

    pHearst 73
    (= Ebers No.245)
    IV. Remedy, prepared by Geb for Re himself
    Flour of the DAr.t fruit 5 ro, flour of the THwj fruit 5 ro, flour of the fruit of the xt-ws.t tree 5 ro, finely pulverized with date wine yeast.
    Bandage with it all parts which are ill. It expels the diseases, the influences of the male and female spirit from the body of the patient so that he will be will immediately.

    pHearst 74
    (= Ebers No.246)
    V. Remedy, prepared by Nut for Re himself
    Wall tiles [5 ro], stem of the qAd.t plant 5 ro, pebbles from the beach 5 ro, natron 5 ro, salt 5 ro, fresh bread 5 ro, lard 5 ro, sfT fat 5 ro, honey 5 ro, Sns dough 5 ro. Cook together.
    Bandage with it all parts which are ill. It expels the diseases, the influences of the male and female spirit from the body of the patient so that he will be will immediately.

    pHearst 125
    (= Ebers No.563)
    Remedy for allaying the wSa pains in all limbs
    Tigernuts 5 ro, jrtj fruit 5 ro, natron 5 ro, salt of the North 5 ro, HsA of the awAj.t liquid 5 ro, Snf.t grains 5 ro, cumin 5 ro. Cook.
    Rub in.

    pHearst 126
    (Ebers No.564)
    The same
    Charcoal 5 ro, date wine 5 ro, salt of the North 5 ro, beer dregs 5 ro, incense 5 ro, myrrh 5 ro. Cook.
    Bandage with it.

    pHearst 131
    (Ebers No.302)
    Remedy for driving out dHr.t
    Fruit of the DAr.t plant, pulverize with honey.
    Take with sweet beer.

    pHearst 132
    (Ebers No.588)
    Remedy for opening things which have come into existence on their own
    Fruit of the tHwj plant, salt of the North, honey. Mix.
    Bandage with it.

    pHearst 133
    (Ebers No.569)
    Remove the liquid from a xsd in all body parts of a male or female patient
    Fruit of the Sn plant, kA.t-Sw grains. Pulverize finely.
    Bandage with it until all the liquid has left it. pHearst 134 Drive out diseases from all body parts of a male or female patient
    Napeca bread fruit with water

    pHearst 135
    [The same]
    Fruit of the Sn plant, honey, jSd fruit, gum, salt of the North, safflower.
    Bandage with it.

    pHearst 142
    (=Ebers 695)
    Drive out all things
    Dust (?) from a statue 5 ro, jbs grains 5 ro, SASA grains 5 ro, grease 5 ro, wax 5 ro. Cook, filter.
    Take for 4 days.

    pHearst 152
    (= Ebers 713)
    Remedy for dividing the body
    Donkey’s milk 25 ro, acacia seeds 2 ro, drnkn plant 2 ro, dwA-tA (?) plant 1 ro, qAA fruit of the arw tree 2 ro, honey 2 ro. Cook, filter.
    Take for 4 days.

    pHearst 159
    (= Ebers No.733)
    Drive away the Hmt-zA
    A scarab, cut off its head and wings, heat in lard.
    Apply. But if you wish to destroy it cook its head and wings, add it to the lard of apnn.t worms, heat it and have the patient drink it.

    pHearst 160
    (Ebers No.705, 707)
    Spell against the mSpn.t illness
    Run out, who enters, without coming out again,
    who attacks (?) me without laying its hands on me.
    Retreat from me, for I am Horus,
    distance yourself, for I am the son of Osiris,
    The magic of my mother protects my body
    so that nothing evil can enter my body
    and no mSpn.t into my flesh.
    Run out, run out, run out, run out, run out, run out, run out!
    To say over the jnnk plant. Cook, pulverize.
    Apply.

    pHearst 161
    jhr remedy
    Precipitation product of honey, dry myrrh, fruit of the SAw plant, with dregs of the pAwr beverage, pulverize.
    Rub in.

    pHearst 162
    The same
    Antimony, snn resin, triturate with fresh oil.
    As above.

    pHearst 163
    The same
    mnj.t of the SAms plant.
    Apply.

    pHearst 164
    The same
    Waste (?) of the coppersmith, tree oil, tallow, spd stone, ink, incense, DAjs plant.
    Bandage with it.

    pHearst 165
    The same
    Hippo lard, HD (?) stone.
    As above.

    pHearst 166
    The same
    Incense, fruit of the [?] plant, natron, sfT fat, minium.
    As above.

    pHearst 167
    To drive away the mSSw.t illness
    Xaq.t of snakes, cream, fruit from the tjSps tree.
    Rub in.

    pHearst 168
    Remedy for driving away the tmj.t
    Charcoal, Snf.t seeds, dregs from the aA.t liquid, flour of psn pastry, mandrake, spelt, the lower part of pdd.w, salt of the North. Cook.
    Bandage with it.

    pHearst 169
    The same
    jSd fruit of the castor oil plant, fruit of the nSA plant, dates, THwj fruit, fruit of the SAms plant, tA liquid of the washerman, honey.
    As above.

    pHearst 170
    Spell against the Tnt-amw disease
    Who is knowledgable like Re? Who knows the same? This god.
    Cover (? or perhaps heat) the body with coal, until the god is filled with them (?).
    As Seth fended off the sea,
    thus Seth will fend you off, you Tnt-amw.
    Do not enter, do not enter the body of NN, born of NN.
    This charm is spoken 4 times over fresh oil and loaves of “kesseb bread”.
    Drive them away with it and banish them with amulets of Stt-wt.

    pHearst 171
    Remedy for healing the jrwtn illness
    Finely pulverized mgA plant with wine.
    Make him drink it. Make a phlebotomy on his thigh.

    pHearst 172
    Another against sSpn Immerse mgA plant in water.
    Rub his nose with it.

    pHearst 206
    (= Ebers No.752)
    Remedy for nsj.t
    Snf.t seeds 20 ro, white sX.t fruit 4 ro, green sx.t fruit 4 ro, fruit of the wan tree 2 ro, sd of the xdj.t plant 2 ro. Mix.
    Drink.

    pHearst 207
    (= Ebers No.754)
    Another remedy
    Figs 5 ro, jSd fruit 4 ro, white lard 4 ro, sweet beer 25 ro, honey 1 ro, wnS fruit 2 ro, fruit of the wan tree 2 ro. Cook, filter.
    Take for 4 days.

    pHearst 208
    (Ebers No.756)
    Another remedy
    Donkey’s feces, finely powdered, with wine.
    Drink for one day.

    pHearst 209
    (= Ebers No.751)
    Another remedy
    Fennel, afA plant, DAjs plant, wD plant, beer. Mix by stirring.
    Drink.

    pHearst 210
    (= Ebers No.753)
    The same
    A lump of salt, cook with HsA.
    Swallow.

    pHearst 211
    Drive nsj.t from the body
    jHw grains, fruit of the DAr.t plant, fennel, sweet beer. Mix.
    Swallow.

    pHearst 245
    Remedy for …. of the wbn in all body parts
    Flour of …. [5 ro], ….. [5 ro], …. tree 5 ro, wax 5 ro, cow tallow 5 ro. Cook.
    [Bandage with it, then he will be well] immediately.

    pHearst 246
    Another remedy for …..
    Flour of DAr.t fruit 5 ro, natron 5 ro, date …. [5 ro], …..
    Bandage with it for 4 days.

    pHearst 247
    [Another remedy against] …..
    Water of ms.t 5 ro, SASA grains [5 ro], …. [5 ro].
    Bandage with it for 4 days.

    pHearst 248
    [Another remedy]
    ….. [5 ro], white gum (?) 5 ro, honey 5 ro.
    Bandage with it [for 4 days].

    pHearst 253
    ……. drive out the heat ………….
    ………………
    Bandage with it.

    pHearst 254
    Another [remedy]
    Heat…………
    Apply.

    pHearst 255
    ………….
    Salt of the North, ……….., acacia seeds, …………….. Mix, put ……… by the fire.
    Bandage [with it].

    pHearst 256
    …………
    …………….
    Rub it in.

    pHearst 257
    The same
    Fresh ax…… and a hair, soak [with] ……….. to this hair and give ………..

    pHearst 258
    Remedy ……….
    Fresh oil, sfT oil, [?], …….. lard.
    As above.

    pHearst 259
    The same
    sfT oil, myrrh, ……… , …Sn ……., ……….., fruit of the wan tree, cumin, salt, …………, …………., fennel, ………

    pHearst 260
    …….. wbn in all body parts
    …… , [honey], fresh oil, wax, sfT oil, flour of the DAr.t fruit, …………., loaves of bread crushed with refuse from the tjSps tree, 1 heron’s egg, …….. (?), incense.
    Apply to the wbn.

    Remedies for bones

    pHearst 13
    Setting a bone which is broken, in all limbs of a male or female patient.
    HsA of [awAj.t], ///// plants, fruit of the nSA plant, mix, sift with honey.
    Bandage with it.

    pHearst 14
    Joining /////
    ///// 5 ro, gum 5 ro, jSd fruit of the sycamore 5 ro, jSd fruit of the (Zizyphus) napeca 5 ro, jSd fruit from the jmA tree [5 ro], //////, add 3 fingers full of honey.
    Bandage with it. For 4 days.

    pHearst 15
    Remedy for broken ribs on the first day
    White cream /////, wrap in fine cloth of HAwtj.
    Bandage with it. For 4 days.

    pHearst 217
    (Ebers 636f.)
    Remedy for setting a broken bone on the first day
    Flour of the DAr.t plant 5 ro, flour of beans 5 ro, mstj water 5 ro. Mix.
    Bandage with it for 4 days.

    pHearst 218
    2nd remedy
    Flour of DAr.t fruit 5 ro, flour of aam 5 ro, HsA from the psn pastry 5 ro. Cook together.
    Bandage with it.

    pHearst 219
    3rd remedy
    Cow milk 5 ro, flour from green barley 5 ro. Mix.
    Bandage with it for 4 days.

    pHearst 220
    Another remedy
    Fruit of the SAw plant 5 ro, fruit of the twn plant 5 ro, honey 5 ro, HsA of the psn pastry 5 ro. Mix.
    Bandage for 4 days.

    pHearst 221
    Another remedy
    Potter’s material 5 ro, sycamore seeds 5 ro, napeca seeds 5 ro, seeds of the jmA tree 5 ro, acacia seeds 5 ro, honey, acacia gum [5 ro]. Mix.
    Bandage with it.

    pHearst 222
    Another remedy
    Honey 5 ro, sam plant 5 ro, fruit of the Sn plant 5 ro. Cook together.
    Bandage for 4 days.

    pHearst 223
    Another remedy
    Acacia seeds 5 ro, gum solution 5 ro, water 5 ro. Mix.
    Bandage with it for 4 days.

    pHearst 224
    Another remedy
    Gum solution 5 ro, goose lard 5 ro, wax 5 ro. Cook together.
    Bandage with it for 4 days.

    pHearst 225
    Another remedy
    pqr worm from the lard. Expose to the dew over night.
    Bandage with it.

    pHearst 226
    Remedy for cooling a bone after it has been set, in all limbs of the patient
    Flour of the DAr.t fruit 5 ro, oil tree seeds 5 ro, napeca seeds 5 ro, sycamore seeds 5 ro, doum palm kernels 5 ro, water 5 ro.
    Bandage with it.

    pHearst 227
    Another remedy
    Flesh from a living cow 5 ro, sskA grains from Upper Egypt (?) [5 ro], ibex tallow 5 ro, salt of the North 5 ro, sxp.t beverage 5 ro, lard 5 ro, wax 5 ro, greenstone 5 ro. Mix.
    Bandage for 4 days.

    pHearst 233
    (= Ebers No.636)
    [Another] remedy for cooling a bone after it has been set, in all body parts of the patient
    Natron of the field, Sb.t liquid, jnj.t of dates, honey.
    Bandage with it for 4 days.

    pHearst 234
    Another remedy
    Acacia seeds, willow seeds, sycamore seeds, doum palm kernels, gum solution.
    Bandage with it for 4 days.

    Driving out spirits, magical spells

    pHearst 16
    (= Ebers No. 182)
    Really expelling the spirit
    THwj fruit 5 ro, [safflower] fruit 5 ro, nuts from the arw tree 5 ro, the contents of the wDaj.t pod 5 ro, SASA fruit 5 ro, grind to a fine powder.
    To be taken by the patient with honey.

    pHearst 36
    (= Ebers No.165)
    Expelling magic from the body
    Mix the interior of a wDaj.t, incense, fruit of the Sn plant.
    To be eaten by the patient.

    pHearst 54
    (= Ebers No.165)
    Remedy to expel magic from the body
    Marrow of the Hmm plant 5 ro, wDaj.t of dates 5 ro, fruit of the Sn plant 5 ro, incense 5 ro.
    Eat, wash down with beer.

    pHearst 78
    (= Ebers No.1)
    Spell to accompany the applying of the remedy to any body parts which are ill
    I have left Heliopolis with the great ones of the sanctuary, lords of protection, rulers of eternity; they protect me. I have left Sais with the mother of the gods, and they have granted me their protection. I possess spells composed by the ruler of the universe, to dispel the influences of the god, the goddess, the male and the female spirit etc., which are in this head of mine, in this arm of mine, in these limbs of mine, in these body parts of mine, to punish the srxj, chief of those who introduce the illness and bjbj into these limbs of mine. For Re has said: “I protect him from his enemies! He is like Thoth. He has caused the writings to talk by composing a book in order to pass on knowledge to the learned ones and the physicians who gollow him in order to practise. He who is loved by his god is kept alive by him. I am one who is loved by his god, that is why he keeps me alive.
    To be spoken when applying the remedy to any ill body part. Really proven innumerable times.

    pHearst 212
    Spell for the measure when one takes it in order to measure a medicine
    This dbH (measure) in which I measure this remedy is the measure in which Horus has measured his eye, and it was [measured] correctly and life, well-being and happiness was found [again by it] . This remedy is being measured in this measure in order to drive away all diseases with it which are in this body

    pHearst 213
    Spell for barley
    This barley is the eye of Horus, measured and correct, which Isis has brought to her son Horus, in order to cause him to pass the stool in order to purge the badness which was in his body.

    pHearst 214
    Spell for the lard in every medicine
    Praise to you, Eye of Horus, you rnn.wtt (Renenutet) on top of the HD Htp, which gave Re radiance before the Ennead. The divine Isis came forth and praised [.. ?] before Gebeb and there she (Renenutet ?) did battle for her (Isis ?) etc. Save him from the shadow, the male and female ghost! For I am this [famous] Thoth, this [famous] physician of the Eye of Horus which has fought for his father Osiris before Neith, Mistress of Life and her ladies in waiting. We have (?) saved etc.

    pHearst 215
    Spell for the honey
    Come, honey, come to the passage of the locusts, the ship’s passage! Honey is healthy!-
    Tell the gods in whose hearts is fear: [Your ?] right horn against the right, the left one against the left against the nnj ghosts, against the xnj ghosts, so they may be destroyed etc.
    O you who belong to the heavens [face towards / more than] the stars!
    O you who belong to the earth, [face towards /more than] the gods,
    O you who belong ….. , [face towards] the cloud,
    O you who belong to the heavens [ face towards] the nnj ghosts and xmj.t ghosts so that they may be destroyed etc.
    Protection, behind me, protection, come, protection!

    pHearst 216
    Spell for the beer
    This Dsr.t beer is [Horus of Chemmis (?)], strained in P, mixed in Dp. You shall drink it …. while the sm priest attends with his utensils (?), statue, ….., kjs, jns.t, jbr-salve, sAp.t. Drink the beer which I have brought in order to dispel the influences of the god, the male and female ghosts which are in this body etc.

    ****pHearst 18
    (= Ebers No.49)
    Remedy to drive out strong haema[turia] [too]
    Fresh AH bread 4 ro, crushed waH grains 5 ro, lard 4 ro, honey 4 ro, pass through a sieve.
    Take for 4 days. One dose like the other.

    Remedies against bites

    pHearst 21
    (= Ebers 432)
    Remedy to be applied against a human bite
    Small fragments from a sherd of an anD vessel. jAq.t plant, crush, mix.
    Bandage with it.

    pHearst 239
    (= Ebers No.436)
    [Another] remedy against crocodile bites on [all] body parts of the patient.
    You shall bandage him with fresh meat on the first day.

    pHearst 240
    (= Ebers No.432)
    [Pot sherds] and jAq.t plant.
    Bandage with it for 4 days.

    pHearst 241
    [Another remedy against the bite] of a pig
    Bandage him with fresh meat [on the first day]

    pHearst 242
    Another remedy
    Fresh minium 5 ro, jbs grains 5 ro, …., tallow 5 ro, lard 5 ro. Cook.
    Bandage with it.

    pHearst 243
    [Another remedy against] the bite of a hippo
    Sycamore seeds, ….. [HsA ?] of sweet beer.
    Bandage with it for 4 days.

    pHearst 244
    [Another remedy against] the bite of a lion
    … fruit. Mix.
    Bandage for 4 days.

    Remedies for the arms, legs, fingers and toes

    pHearst 27
    Remedy for driving out the Hna of the legs
    Dried jH.w seeds 5 ro, wheat bread 8 ro, crushed waH seeds 5 ro, grease 4 ro, honey 4 ro, water 80 ro, grind, filter.
    Take for 4 days.

    pHearst 173
    Remedy for treating a finger or a toe
    Minium, a sherd from a new pot, pulverize finely with the excretion product of honey. Bandage the finger or toe with it. Afterwards, prepare a remedy for cooling for him: acacia seeds 8 ro, napeca seeds 8 ro, xntj earth 1 ro, Ssj.t of greenstone 1 ro, the inner part of wDaj.t 4 ro. Pulverize.
    Bandage with it.

    pHearst 174
    (Ebers No.617)
    If you find a finger [or] toe which is ill, while a liquid inside it moves to and fro, it has a bad smell which is caused by a worm, then say about it: “He is ill, I shall treat him.” Apply the remedy to him in order to kill the spd worm: sjA plant of the South 1 ro, sjA plant of the North 1 ro, sfT fat 4 ro. Pulverize.
    Bandage with it.

    pHearst 175
    (= Ebers No.620)
    Treating a toe when it is ill
    xntj earth, natron, [?] minium, Xnw of the [?], dSr grains, nxtjw plant. Mix.
    Bandage with it. But after you have applied this remedy, prepare a salve for him of fat, tallow, lard, honey, mix by stirring. Apply.

    pHearst 176
    Another remedy
    Tallow, incense, lard, honey.
    As above.

    pHearst 177
    (= Ebers No.618)
    Remedy for the nail of the toe
    Honey 5 ro, xntj earth 1/2 ro, SmSm.t plant (hemp) 1 ro, HD.t grains 1 ro, lettuce 1 ro. Pulverize.
    Bandage with it.

    pHearst 178
    (= Ebers No.619)
    Another remedy
    Honey 4 ro, xntj earth 1/2 ro, lard 1 ro.
    As above.

    pHearst 179
    (= Ebers No.622)
    Remedy for treating a toe nail which is about to fall off
    Treat it with natron, incense, lard, honey, xntj earth.
    Apply and prevent his bandage from squeezing.

    pHearst 180
    What is done for the toe
    Tallow, acacia seeds. Cook together.
    Apply.

    pHearst 181
    Remedy used for the finger
    Meal of the twn plant, cook with lard.
    Bandage with it.

    pHearst 182
    Remedy for driving out the blood from the toe
    agj.t from acacia trees. Pulverize finely.
    Bandage with it.

    pHearst 183
    Another remedy
    Cook a small globule of incense in tallow, make into a paste.
    Bandage with it.

    pHearst 184
    What is done against the tips (?) of the toes which are afflicted by open wounds
    Acacia seeds, fruit of the DAr.t plant, minium, salt of the North, HsA of the awAj.t liquid. Cook.
    Bandage with it.
    But afterwards apply: sfT fat, tallow, incense, seeds of bsbs (fennel), meal of the DAr.t fruit, wax. Mix.
    Bandage with it.

    pHearst 185
    Treating the nails of toe and finger
    Tallow of ibex, mandrake, burned copper (?), redwood, xntj earth, wax.
    Bandage with it.

    pHearst 186
    Another remedy
    Tallow, incense, xntj earth, honey.
    As above.

    pHearst 187
    Another remedy
    xntj earth, jnj.t seeds of flax, wtj.t of the sycamore, honey, lard.
    As above.

    pHearst 188
    Remedy for a toenail
    Honey 4 ro, SmSm.t plant 1 ro, xntj earth 1 ro, HD.t 1 ro, lettuce 1 ro.
    Bandage the toenail with it.

    pHearst 189
    (= Ebers 619)
    Another remedy
    xntj earth 1/2 ro, lard 1 ro.
    Bandage with it.

    pHearst 190
    Another remedy
    Minium 4 ro, honey 4 ro.
    As above.

    pHearst 191
    The same
    Fresh barley flour …., honey 2 ro, xntj earth 1 ro, fruit of the DAr.t plant 4 ro, incense 1/2 ro, acacia seeds 4 ro, napeca seeds 4 ro, myrrh 5 ro. Cook.
    Bandage with it.

    pHearst 192
    Another remedy
    Incense 4 ro, HD.t grains 1 ro, xntj earth 1 ro, lettuce 4 ro, honey 4 ro ….

    pHearst 193
    (= Ebers No.621)
    Treating the nails of the toe
    Minium, a sherd of a new pot, honey, lard.
    Bandage with it.

    pHearst 194
    Remedy for the finger and the toe. Refreshing the finger. What is used against a nail
    HD.t grains, jbr salve, gum, lard, bd.t resin, peas, acacia seeds.
    Apply.

    pHearst 195
    Treating the toe
    Cook hair of the qAA plant with lard.
    Bandage with it.

    pHearst 196
    Eradicate the fnT worm from the finger and the toe
    Minium, fruit of the DAr.t plant, hnj.t grains.
    Bandage the finger or toe with it.

    pHearst 197
    Remedy for the toe
    A apnn.t worm which has been cut up and the body of which has been rubbed with salt.
    Bandage the patient (?) with it.

    pHearst 198
    Another remedy
    sfT oil, amm (brain ?) of the pgg.t (frog ?).
    As above.

    pHearst 199
    Remedy for the str.t of the jwH (drying a moist spot ?) in the toenails
    Fruit of the THwj plant, fruit of the DAr.t plant, pulverize with honey.
    Bandage with it.

    pHearst 200
    Drive away the Sf.t (swelling ?) of the toe
    Fruit of the twn plant. Pulverize with honey.
    Bandage with it.

    pHearst 201
    Another remedy
    Fruit of the SAms plant, fruit of the THwj plant, fruit of the twn plant, fruit of the Sn plant. Pulverize, mix with honey.
    Bandage with it.

    pHearst 202
    Another remedy
    Fruit of the DAr.t plant, SASA seeds, minium, honey.
    As above.

    pHearst 203
    Another remedy
    Brain of catfish with honey.
    Bandage the toe with it.

    pHearst 204
    To drive out the swt from the finger
    sskA grains, psD grains, salt of the North, fruit form the xt-ws.t tree, honey.
    Bandage with it.

    pHearst 205
    (Ebers No.623f.)
    Remedy for preventing the tremor in the fingers
    Smear the fingers with lard.
    Bandage with watermelon.

    pHearst 252
    …….. the leg when it is ill.
    Blossoms of ….

    Remedies for the skin

    pHearst 30
    (= Ebers No.183)
    Expel wxd from the skin
    THwj fruit 2 ro, jSd fruit 4 ro, milk 2 1/2 ro, incense 1/2 ro, waH seeds 4 ro, figs 4 ro, Snf.t seeds 1/2 ro, sweet beer 5 ro, as before, make doses of 5 ro minus 1/30.

    pHearst 153
    (= Ebers No.714)
    Renewing the skin
    Honey, red natron, salt of the North. Pulverize together.
    Rub the limbs with it.

    pHearst 154
    (= Ebers 715)
    Making the skin more beautiful
    Alabaster powder, natron powder, salt of the North, honey. Stir together with this honey.
    Rub the skin with it.

    Remedies for body odour

    pHearst 31
    (= Ebers No.708)
    Dispel bad odour in summer
    Incense 5 ro, jbnw grains 5 ro, fruit of the Sn plant 5 ro, myrrh 5 ro. Compound with each other.
    Rub in.

    pHearst 32
    (= Ebers No.711)
    Dispel bad odour from the limbs
    Mix AH.t bread with incense by kneading, make into pills. Place one on the spot where one limb touches the other.
    For 4 days.

    pHearst 150
    (= Ebers 708)
    Drive the odour of sweat from the body of a person in summer
    Incense, lettuce, fruit of the n plant, myrrh. Mix.
    Rub the patient with it.

    pHearst 151
    Drive the odour of sweat from a male or female patient
    AH bread and incense, knead well, turn into pills.
    Put one on the spot where one limb connects to another. For 4 days.

    Remedies for driving out wxd, pain

    pHearst 29
    (= Ebers No.97)
    Remedy for expelling the wxd from the body.
    Figs 4 ro, jSd fruit 4 ro, Sn-tA plant 4 ro, grease 4 ro, sam plant 8 ro, fruit of the DAr.t plant 2 ro, fruit of the wan tree 8 ro, sweet beer 20 ro, boil, expose to the dew over night, filter, make doses of 2 1/2 ro.
    Take for 4 days.

    pHearst 33
    (= Ebers No.301)
    Expel pain from the limbs
    HsA of the Sbb liquid, grind fine, mix with HsA of the awAj.t liquid.
    Apply.

    pHearst 41
    (= Ebers No.584)
    Remedy for expelling wxd, the nhp are in any body part of the patient.
    Waste products of the Smj drink, cat’s feces, feces of greyhound, jSd fruit from the xt-ws.t tree.
    Bandage with it. This expels the Sf.t.

    pHearst 42
    (= Berlin No.162)
    Remedy for destroying the wxd in all body parts
    Greasy meat 10 ro, [(?)] of psD 7 1/2 ro, afA plant 5 ro, jnnk plant 2 ro, fruit from the wan tree 2 ro, incense 2 ro, Dsr.t beer 15 ro, sweet beer 25 ro. Cook, filter.
    Take for 4 days, divide into doses of 10 ro.

    pHearst 43
    The same
    Incense 1/2 ro, cumin 1/2 ro, fresh bread 4 ro, goose lard 2 ro, honey 2 ro, sweet beer 20 ro. Cook, filter.
    Take for 4 days.

    pHearst 44
    The same
    Dill 1 ro, date flour 4 ro, jwnSj plant 4 ro, wine 5 ro. Cook, filter.
    Take for 4 days.

    pHearst 45
    The same
    Cooked jHmAr.t 20 ro, juice of the DAr.t plant 20 ro, tallow 8 ro, honey 8 ro. Mix stirring, put in cloth, filter.
    Take for 4 days. Add the honey only shortly before stirring.

    pHearst 46
    Remedy for the destruction of wxd in any body part
    sSS of crushed barley 2 1/2 ro, [(?)] of psD-w 5 ro, Tjam plant 4 ro, Yellow Nutsedge 4 ro, fruit of the wan tree 2 ro, water 120 ro. Cook, expose to the dew during the night, filter.
    Take for 4 days.

    pHearst 47
    Remedy for the destruction of the wxd in the body
    Flour of dates 2 1/2 ro, acacia seeds 4 ro, waH grains 5 ro, goose lard 5 ro.
    As previously.

    pHearst 138
    Drive away the rq.t and remove the wxd from all body parts of the patient.
    Acacia fruit 20 ro, meal of cedar wood 8 ro.
    Bandage with it often.

    Remedies for ulcers

    pHearst 35
    (= Ebers No.294)
    Remedy for removing st.t ulcers from the nipples
    The weed called snwt.t, which grows on its belly like the qAd.t plant and grows blossoms like the srD plant, when its stalks are like those of the xt-HD plant, then it shall be brought and its roots shall be applied to the nipples. Then they (i.e. the ulcers) will disappear immediately.

    Remedies for the heart
    pHearst 51
    (berlin No.77,117, Ebers No.220, 230, 233)
    Remedy for treating the heart
    Black spelt 20 ro, water 160 ro. Cook, filter.
    Take for 4 days. Divide into doses of 30 ro.

    pHearst 52
    The same
    Fruit of the wan tree 2 ro, waH grains 5 ro, milk 4 ro, goose lard 2 ro, water 20 ro.
    Same as above.

    Remedies for the lungs

    pHearst 57
    Remedy for treating the lung, immediately effective
    xntj earth 1 ro, gum 1 ro, honey 4 ro, figs 4 ro, water 25 ro. Expose to the dew during the night.
    Take for 4 days.

    Remedies against the aAa illness

    pHearst 79
    (= Ebers No.221)
    To expel aAa from the the body and the heart
    SAms plant 2 ro, SASA grains 4 ro, xntj earth 1/2 ro, honey 2 (parts), mix.
    Eat before going to bed.

    pHearst 80
    Remedy to expel the aAa from the body and the heart
    Tigernut 4 ro, SASA grains 4 ro, fruit of the Sn plant 2 ro, green stone 1/2 ro, shw.t (?) 1 ro, psD 2 ro, honey 2 (parts), mix.
    Eat before going to sleep.

    pHearst 81
    (= Ebers No.222)
    Another remedy for expelling the aAa from the body or the heart
    Gum 1 ro, raisins 2 ro, SASA grains 4 ro, SAms plant 2 ro, honey 2 (parts), mix.
    Eat before going to sleep.

    pHearst 82
    (= Ebers No.224)
    Another remedy
    Castor plant leaves 4 ro, xs fruit of the sycamore 4 ro, fresh dates 4 ro, lotus blossoms 4 ro, fresh bread 4 ro, water 10 ro. Filter.
    Take immediately.

    pHearst 83
    (= Ebers No.225)
    Expel the aAa of the god or a spirit from the body of a male or female patient
    Acacia seeds 1 ro, seeds of the arw tree 1 ro, qAA fruit of the arw tree 1 ro, fruit of the DAr.t plant 4 ro, raisins 4 ro, salt of the North 1 ro, core of a wDaj.t 1 ro, THwj fruit 4 ro, antimony 1/2 ro, SASA grains 8 ro, SwtA plant 4 ro, honey 1 ro, HsA 25 ro. Cook, filter.
    Take for 4 days.

    pHearst 84
    (= Ebers No.226)
    Another remedy
    jns.t grains 4 ro, figs 4 ro, salt 1 ro, xntj earth 1 ro, honey 1 ro, water 10 ro, raisins 2 ro, waH grains 2 ro, bread fruit of the napeca 2 ro, lettuce 1 ro, SAw plant 2 ro. Expose to the dew over night.
    Take for 4 days.

    pHearst 85
    (= Berlin No.115; Ebers No.221f.)
    Another remedy
    1 AbD.w fish, its mouth filled with incense; cook.
    Eat before going to bed. What is to be said as a spell: “O male spirit, female spirit, hidden one concealed one, who is in this flesh of mine, in these limbs of mine, leave this flesh of mine, these limbs of mine! Behold, I have brought you excrement to eat! Beware, hidden one, beware, concealed one, flee!”

    pHearst 86
    Another remedy
    SAms plant 2 ro, fruit of the Sn plant 1 ro, tigernut 1 ro, SASA grains 1 ro, fruit of the SAw plant 1 ro, fruit of the xsj.t plant 1/2 ro, sam plant 1 ro, honey 4 ro, THwj fruit 1 ro, xntj earth 1/2 ro. Mix.
    Take before going to bed.

    pHearst 87
    (Ebers No.236-238)
    Another remedy
    Lettuce seed 4 ro, fruit of the SAw plant 1 ro, THwj fruit 1/2 ro, sweet beer 10 ro.
    Take before going to bed.

    Remedies for the urinary tract

    pHearst 59
    (= Ebers No.9)
    Remedy for letting urine flow
    Fruit of the wan tree 5 ro, honey 5 ro, sweet beer 5 ro. Filter.
    Take for 4 days.

    pHearst 60
    The same
    Fresh xrS 5 ro, sweet beer ….. Cook, filter.
    Swallow.

    pHearst 62
    (= Ebers No.271)
    Remedy which is immediately effective for treating the bladder and restoration of urine Hmw of castor plant 4 ro, dates which are still growing 4 ro, fruit of the Sn plant 1 ro, Sb.t drink 2 ro, xsj.t plant 1 ro, cucumber blossoms 1 ro, crushed waH seeds 8 ro, jaj.t liquid 25 ro. Expose to the dew during the night.
    Take for 4 days.

    pHearst 63
    (= Ebers No.277)
    Remedy to treat urine which is too frequent
    Gum 8 ro, wheat dough 8 ro, fresh bread 8 ro, xntj earth 1 ro, water 25 ro.
    As above.

    pHearst 64
    (= Ebers No.278)
    The same
    wAb of the qAd.t plant 8 ro, grapes 4 ro, honey 8 ro, fruit of the wan tree 1 ro, sweet beer 7 1/2 ro. Cook, filter.
    Take one day.

    pHearst 65
    (= Ebers No.280)
    The same
    Gum 4 ro, honey 1 ro, water 5 ro. Cook, filter.
    Take one day.

    pHearst 66
    (= Ebers No.279)
    The same
    jSd fruit 4 ro, wheat dough 4 ro, xntj earth 1 ro, gum 1 ro, water 10 ro.
    As above.

    pHearst 67
    To cause the urine to flow again
    Milk 8 ro, honey 8 ro, fruit of the wan tree 8 ro, qAd.t plant 4 ro, sweet beer 200 ro. Filter.
    Take 4 days.

    pHearst 68
    (= Ebers No.282)
    Remedy for diminishing the urine
    Desert safflower 160 ro, safflower of the north 4 ro, lettuce of the south 2 ro, fruit of the wan tree 2 ro, fresh bread 4 ro, lettuce of the north 2 ro, Spm.t 2 ro, wAm plant 2 ro, dwA.t plant 2 ro, water 2 ro. Expose to the dew at night, filter.
    Take 4 days.

    pHearst 70
    For expelling the hb-n-tA from the bladder
    Roasted wheat flour 5 ro, roasted barley flour 5 ro, nuts of the doum palm 5 ro, figs 5 ro, fruit of the wan tree 8 ro, fruit of the Sn plant 8 ro, incense 1/2 ro, cumin 1/2 ro goose lard 8 ro, honey 8 ro, waH seeds 8 ro, water 120 ro. Expose to the dew over night.
    Take 4 days. Divide into doses of 15 ro.

    Remedies against nausea

    pHearst 61
    (Berlin No.29f, Ebers No.305f)
    Remedy for driving away nausea
    Milk 25 ro, rkrk seeds 2 ro, sam plant 2 ro, incense 1/2 ro, xntj earth 2 ro, tallow 4 ro. Cook.
    Take for 4 days.

    Remedies against headaches

    pHearst 75
    (= Ebers No.247)
    VI. Remedy, prepared by Isis for Re himself to expel the aches in his head
    Fruit of the SAw plant 5 ro, fruit of the SAms plant 5 ro, fruit of the xsj.t plant 5 ro, fruit of the Snw plant 5 ro, sam plant 5 ro, honey 5 ro. Mix by stirring it with this honey.
    Bandage the head with it so that it will be well immediately. When I apply this remedy to him when he suffers any pain, headache in font and behind, rush of blood, the influences of the god, the goddess, the male and the female spirit, in the head, all evil and illness in the head and all body parts, then he will be well immediately. Tried and proven.

    pHearst 76
    (= Ebers No.248)
    Remedy to dispel the “influences” from the head [and (?)] the illness sk.t
    The core of the DAr.t plant 5 ro, xs fruit of the jmA tree 5 ro, natron 5 ro, SfSf.t grains 5 ro, bones of the aHA fish, cooked 5 ro, [the same] of the dSr fish, cooked, 5 ro, skull of the wHa fish, cooked, 5 ro, honey 5 ro, lettuce 5 ro.
    Rub in the head for 4 days.

    pHearst 77
    (= Ebers No.249)
    Another remedy
    Dill grains 5 ro, fruit of the xsj.t plant 5 ro, fruit of the SAw plant 5 ro, jnnk plant 5 ro, fruit of the xt-ws.t 5 ro, donkey’s tallow 5 ro.
    Rub the head with it for 4 days.

     

  • The Kahun Gynaecological Papyrus

    The Kahun Gynaecological Papyrus

    Case Menu

    1. Aching eyes, lack of vision and neck pains
    2. Hurting womb
    3. Pain in the lower torso
    4. Problems in the abdomen, vulva and kidneys
    5. Teeth and jaws pains, inability to open the mouth
    6. Aches in all limbs, with pain in the sockets of the eyes
    7. Hurting feet (?) and legs after walking
    8. Pains in the neck, abdomen and ears, inability to hear speech
    9. Pains in the vulva, and all the limbs.
    10. Urinary problems
    11. Staying in bed
    12. Lower leg pains
    13. Problems in …, the legs, and the side of …
    14. Thirsting ….
    15. Swollen abdomen
    16. kemtu of the uterus
    17. Problems with blood …. womb, headache, pain in the mouth(?) and wrist
    18. Exposing a woman to her man
    19. Diagnosing the gender of the unborn
    20. Remedy for getting pregnant
    21. Prevention of …
    22. Another medicine
    23. Another …
    24. Pains of the womb
    25. A woman heated …
    26. To distinguish her who will conceive from her who will not
    27. To distinguish her who will conceive from her who will not
    28. To distinguish her who will conceive from her who will not
    29. To distinguish her who will conceive from her who will not
    30. To distinguish her who will conceive from her who will not
    31. To distinguish her who will conceive from her who will not
    32. To distinguish her who will conceive from her who will not
    33. Prevention of biting the tongue
    34. Urinary problem

    1. Treatment for a woman [whose eyes ache], who sees not (?); and (?) has pain in the neck.
    Diagnosis
    Thou shalt say as to it: it is dejectiones uteri in oculis suis 1

    Treatment
    Thou shalt do for it (thus): fumigate her on fresh incense and fresh fat; suffi his vulvam eius 2: fumigate her eyes with the shanks of the legs of bee-eaters (Merops)3; thou shalt make her eat the liver of an ass, raw.

    1 diarrhoea, discharges etc (or possibly prolapsus) of the uterus in her eyes.
    2 fumigate her vulva
    3 shanks of the legs of bee-eaters – Stephen Quirke: goose leg fat

    2. Treatment for a woman aegrotanti in utero suo in ambulando 1
    Diagnosis
    Thou shalt say as to it: “What is the smell 2 that thou emittest (lit. causest to be perceived)?”
    If she says to thee: “I am emitting the smell of roast meat,” thou shalt say as to it, it is nemsu uteri 3.

    Treatment
    Thou shalt do for it (thus): fumigate her with every sort of roast meat, the smell of which she emits.

    1 suffer in (from) her womb wandering
    2 This may be cancer (carcinoma uteri), which is characterized by a peculiar smell.
    3nemsu uteri – Stephen Quirke: wrappings (?) of the womb

    3. Treatment for a woman pained in natibus suis, abdomine suo, radicibus coxarum suarum 1
    Diagnosis
    Thou shalt say as to it: it is excrementa uteri 2 that thou emittest (lit. causest to be perceived)?”
    If she says to thee: “I am emitting the smell of roast meat,” thou shalt say as to it, it is nemsu uteri.

    Treatment
    Thou shalt do for it (thus): carob beans 1/64 hekt 3: sasha fruit 1/64 hekt; cow’s milk 1 henu; cook, cool, make into one mess, drink four mornings 4 .

    1 her buttocks, her abdomen, the roots of her hips – Stephen Quirke: rear, her front, and the calves of her thighs
    2 excretions (discharges) of the uterus
    3 1 hekt = 10 senu = ca. 5 litres
    4 or rather early in the morning.

    4. Treatment for a woman in abdomen suum, vulvam suam, partes quae vulvam ejus circumstant, intra renes (?) ejus 1
    Diagnosis
    Thou shalt say as to it: it is the being made very big (?) of the foetus (?)2.

    Treatment
    Thou shalt do for it (thus): fresh fat 1 henu 3: consperge in vulvam ejus in … ejus 4 .

    1 her abdomen, her vulva, the parts surrounding her vulva, between her kidneys (?) – Stephen Quirke: her front, her womb, the circuit of her womb between her buttocks
    2 Stephen Quirke: ‘large birth swelling’.
    3henu : ½ litre
    4 sprinkle in her vulva … her … – Stephen Quirke: Pour over [her] womb and her [..]

    5. Treatment for a woman pained in her teeth and jaws (?)1; she knows not [how to open ?] her mouth
    Diagnosis
    Thou shalt say as to it: it is morsiones uteri 2

    Treatment
    Thou shalt do for it (thus): when thou hast fumigated her with grease and incense in a frying-pan (?)3, pour on her [vulva ?] the urine of an ass that has begotten its like (i.e. is the sire of a male ass ?) (used on) the day that has passed it. If her abdomen is pained from her lap (?) or navel to her loins, it is colic4.

    1 Stephen Quirke: her teeth and molars
    2 (irritation ?) of the uterus – Stephen Quirke: ‘it is toothache of the womb’.
    3 Stephen Quirke: with incense and oil in 1 jar
    4 Stephen Quirke: it is worm

    6. Treatment for a woman aching in all her limbs, with pain in the sockets of her eyes
    Diagnosis
    Thou shalt say as to it: it is starving1 of the uterus, it has not happened to it to drink; [it is] without food entirely (or likewise), as one who has recently given birth (or with recent bearing ?)2

    Treatment
    Thou shalt do for it (thus): a packet (?) of ah water3, drink [four ?] mornings.

    1 Stephen Quirke: deprivation
    2 Stephen Quirke: no beer-drinking (?) has been allowed it for the condition of a fresh birth (?)’.
    3 Stephen Quirke: 1 portion (?) of dough (?) and water

    7. Treatment for a woman pained in her feet (?) and legs1 after walking
    Diagnosis
    Thou shalt say as to it: it is excrementa uteri 2

    Treatment
    Thou shalt do for it (thus): rub (?) her feet and legs with amat3 until she is well.

    1 Stephen Quirke: in her legs and her calves
    2 excretions of her womb
    3 Stephen Quirke: with mud

    8. Treatment for a woman pained in her neck, her abdomen1, and her ears, in that she does not hear speech
    Diagnosis
    Thou shalt say as to it: it is terrors (spasms, violence ?) of the uterus

    Treatment
    Thou shalt do for it (thus): like the medicine of curing sehau of the uterus2.

    c.f. case XVII

    1 Stephen Quirke: in her molars, her front,
    2 Stephen Quirke: removing detritus of the womb

    9. Treatment for a woman pained in her vulva1, and all her limbs like one beaten.
    Diagnosis
    Thou shalt say as to it: it is sau (?) of the uterus.

    Treatment
    Thou shalt do for it (thus): (let her) eat fat2 until she is well.

    1 Stephen Quirke: in her her front
    2 Stephen Quirke: oil

    10. Treatment for a woman aegrotantis in urina sua velut …. urinae ardentis 1
    Diagnosis
    Thou shalt say as to it: it is dejectiones (?) uteri 2

    Treatment
    Thou shalt do for it (thus): beans, seeds of sheni, flowers of reed3; pound, grind fine, upon 1 henu 4 of nezazat beer; cook and drink four mornings. Let her spend the day lying down fasting; next morning let her drink 1 henu of the same; let her spend the day fasting, until there comes the time of after (?) washing the mouth (? ablution)5.

    1 being ill in her urine as … of burning (?) urine
    2 diarrhoea of the womb – Stephen Quirke: discharges of the womb
    3 Stephen Quirke: beans, prt-Sny plant and mwt-parts of the gyw plant
    4 1 henu: ca. ½ litre
    5 Stephen Quirke: until the arrival of breakfast time

    11. Treatment for a woman who loves bed, she does not rise, and does not shake it (?)1
    Diagnosis
    Thou shalt say as to it: it is amemu (gripings, spasms ?) uteri 2

    Treatment
    Thou shalt do for it (thus): let her drink 2 henu 3 of khaui, let her spue it out immediately.

    1 Stephen Quirke: bed-bound, not stretching when she shakes it
    2amemu of the uterus – Stephen Quirke: ‘it is clenches of the womb’
    3 1 henu : almost ½ litre

    12. Treatment for a woman pained in her shanks
    Diagnosis
    Thou shalt give for it strips of rag (?) soaked in frankincense …….. [if] her movements (?) 1 are pleasant (?) in her doing everything, it is health; if [her] movements (?) [are painful]2 thou shalt say as to it: it is ….. [uteri] 3.

    Treatment
    Thou shalt do for it (thus): mehui of fresh grease (or fresh grease melted ?)4, pour [upon her ….] put frankincense5 on her …. after doing this..

    1 possibly referring to the results of the purging
    2 Stephen Quirke: If the product [is foul?],
    3 of the uterus
    4 Stephen Quirke: with [..] cup of fresh oil,
    5 Stephen Quirke: resin

    13. Treatment [for a woman in her …], in her legs, in one side of her (?) …
    Diagnosis
    Thou shalt say as to it: it is qahu (bending ?) of the uterus.1

    Treatment
    Thou shalt do for it (thus): … seeds of sheni, absynthe (?), flowers of reed (?),2 [pound, grind fine etc ? …….] the side in which it pains her, [let] her lie upon it. If return …3 two (?) … let her eat two packets (?) of …. divided amongst ……….. si purget 4 ………. in her doing anything ……… [she will be well (?) if you find her …..] swollen, put thy finger upon it, and if thou find it hard ……………… upon the vulva, it is colic5.

    1 Stephen Quirke: ‘[it is] ejections […]’.
    2 Stephen Quirke: with …], prt-Sny plant, saAmw plant, mwt-parts of gyw plant
    3 Stephen Quirke: If […] circulates
    4 if purged – Stephen Quirke: If she passes
    3 Stephen Quirke: it is worm

    14. Treatment for a woman thirsty ….
    Diagnosis
    Thou shalt say as to it: ……

    Treatment
    Thou shalt do for it (thus): shebe-gum 1/64 hekt 1, auyt-gum ………….. altogether (or likewise)2.

    11/64 hekt: about 80 cm³
    2 Stephen Quirke: You should treat it with a measure of fermented hesa-liquid, and […] of hesa-liquid of awyt […] on form (?)

    15. Treatment for a woman whose abdomen is swollen
    Diagnosis
    Thou shalt say as to it: ………………….

    Treatment
    Thou shalt do for it (thus): malachite (or other green material) 1/64 hekt, pound, grind fine, cook in mehui (?) (of) cow’s milk1 ………… [drink it] four (?) [days ?] .

    1 Stephen Quirke: You should treat it with a measure of wADw, grind and refine, boil with a cup (? of milk

    16. Treatment for a woman pained in all her limbs and the sockets of [her] eyes …. her …. is kemt
    Diagnosis
    Thou shalt say as to it: it is kemtu1 of the uterus

    Treatment
    Thou shalt do for it (thus): grease2, 1/64 heqt ….. figs (?)3, grapes, nekaut, auh, seeds of sheni 4……. pound, grind fine, cook, drink three days.

    1 Stephen Quirke: pains
    2mrH.t – Thesaurus Linguae Aegyptiae: Fat (general), anointing oil – Stephen Quirke: oil
    3 Stephen Quirke: ished-fruit
    4 Stephen Quirke: notched sycamore fruit, beans, prt-Sny […]
    The fruit of the sycamore (nekaut, nqa.wt) had to be notched for it to ripen. The Thesaurus Linguae Aegyptiae translates auh (jwH.w), Quirke’s “beans”, as “edible fruit (as drug)”

    17. Treatment for a woman [whose] blood …. womb 1, with ache of her head, her [mouth ?] and the end of her hand (wrist or extremity ?) 2.
    Diagnosis
    Thou shalt say as to it: ……………

    Treatment
    Thou shalt do for it (thus): clear the floor for her 3, place upon it the lees of sweet beer [covering so as ?] 4 not (to allow ?) anything to fall on to it, thou shalt lay benau mesesh upon the side of these lees [and ……………..] upon them, and let her sit upon it; if nothing enters it 5, thou shalt cause to be cooked ……………… let [it] cool, let her drink (it); si autem inciderit ei sanguis ejus vel 6sehau 7, [it is ………………….].

    1 Stephen Quirke: bleeding […] human mother
    2 Stephen Quirke: the palm of her hand
    3 Stephen Quirke: by smearing for her ground
    4 Quirke begins a new sentence here: [If] nothing emerges for her,…
    5 Stephen Quirke: [if] nothing emerges for her,
    6 but when her blood be interrupted or – Quirke: [if], though, blood or bodily fluid emerges for her,
    7sehau: pus (?), cf case VIII. The Thesaurus Linguae Aegyptiae gives for sHA.w: [symptom of illness affecting the uterus] which is not only moderately helpful.

    18. Another (sic). Ad nudandam (?) mulierem a viro ejus ?? 1
    Half of a badt (?) 2 of milk (?) ………… of a badt (?) ……….. contunde (?) 3, consperge in vulvam ejus 4

    1 In order to expose (?) a woman to her man – Stephen Quirke: Another (prescription? book?) for unveiling a woman from [..]
    2 The Thesaurus Linguae Aegyptiae gives for bAd.t: [a (measuring) vessel] – Stephen Quirke: scoop
    3 Stephen Quirke: Solidify (?)
    4 grind (?), sprinkle into her vulva.

    19. Discernere eam quae pariet, in utero mulieris gravidae (?) 1
    Si revenerit mensis mensis, intrat …….. 2 of the evil 3

    1 To distinguish that which will be born in the womb of a pregnant woman.
    2 If it returns month after month, enters …
    2 Stephen Quirke: of the suckling woman (?)

    20. De (muliere) afflicta remediis ad efficiendum conceptum 1
    after ceases (?) the return ……………… pound, grind fine, [strain] in cloth on gruel(?) 2auyt (?), pour mehuyu 3 …………… Incense, fresh fat, dates, sweet beer, put inside a sheda 4 (of wood) in the flame; thou shalt fumigate ………. as a sweetener of the mouth.

    1 About the afflicted by the remedies for achieving conception – Stephen Quirke: As for a woman stricken by a prescription for pregnancy
    2 Quirke does not translate HsA, The Thesaurus Linguae Aegyptiae gives for HsA-n-Sbb: [a dough-like vegetal substance (med.)]
    3 Stephen Quirke: Submerge in the waters (?)
    4 Stephen Quirke: Place inside a rack (?)

    21. To prevent ……….
    … crocodile’s dung cut up (?) on auyt-paste 1, sprinkled …………..

    1 Stephen Quirke: chopped over HsA and awyt-liquid

    22. Another medicine
    1 pint (henu) of honey, consperge in vulvam ejus 1; this is to be done upon sehem (?) of natron 2.

    1 sprinkle on her womb
    2 Stephen Quirke: on natron bed

    23. Another ……..
    …… upon auyt – gum 1, consperge in vulvam ejus 2

    1 Stephen Quirke: over HsA and awyt-liquid,
    1 sprinkle on her vulva

    24. Ad morsus (?) uteri dissipendos 1
    Stalks (?) of dates on …….. ; beat it fine on sweet beer, fac ut consideat super haec distrahens femora sua 2

    1 For removing the pain of the womb – Stephen Quirke: This is for removing tiAw-pain of the womb
    2 Make her sit on it separating her thighs – Stephen Quirke: have her sit on it with her legs apart

    25. Treatment for a woman heated 1 ….
    ….. are her eyes bleared (?): kheper-ur (wood) grated (?) upon ab of mesta 2; ………. sprinkle ……. four mornings, thou shalt cause her to sit upon the water of ……… of a pond, cause 3 ………..

    1 Stephen Quirke: burning
    2 Stephen Quirke: on the left side of the birth-brick (?)
    3 Stephen Quirke: and (?) lake water, place

    26. Discernere eam quae concipiet ab ea quae non concipiet 1
    facies adipem recentem cum …………….. [examinabis] tu eam: si inveneris musculos mammae (?) ejus khasha, dices, est mulier pariens: si inveneris eos kenken (molli, humidus ?), dices pariet tarde: si autem inveneris eam (sic) velut colorem (?) …………. [dices, non pariet unquam] 2

    1 To distinguish her who will conceive from her who will not
    2 ……………. you will [examine] her: if you find the muscles of her breast khasha, you will say this is a woman giving birth; if you find them kenken soft (?), you say she will give birth late; but if you find them like the colour … [you will say she will not ever give birth] – Stephen Quirke: You should [make] fresh oil and […] You should […] it. If the vessels of her innards are found distended, you should say of it ‘it is the birth’. If you find it limp, you should say of it ‘she will give birth late’, but if you find her like ..[…]

    27. Another time
    fac ut consideat super terram abstersam faecibus (?) cervisiae dulcis: pone [……………. si] dabit vomitum, pariet mulier: numerus quoque vomitum qui ex ore exibunt, erit numerus partuum …………….. Si autem non vomuerit non pariet umquam. 1

    1 Make her sit on the ground wiped with lees of sweet beer: put [……………. if] she vomits, the woman will give birth, the number of times vomit leaves her mouth, will be the number of births ……….. But if she will not vomit, she will not ever give birth. – Stephen Quirke: You should have her sit on earth smeared with dregs of sweet beer, put fruit, [dates …] […] ejects, she will give birth and for every ejection which comes from her mouth, each is one birth (?) […]. [If she] does not [eject] though, she will never give birth.

    28. Another time
    Put thou one onion bulb 1 on [her] body 2 …………………….. on which thou findest it, thou shalt say as to it, “she will bear a child”; if thou dost not find ……. her nose (?) 3 …………….. she will not [bear a child, ever].

    1 Stephen Quirke: a bundle of onions
    2 Stephen Quirke: mouth on belly (?)
    2 Stephen Quirke: her/its fore

    29. Another time 1
    Strike (?) thou as to her 2 upon her lip (?), the tip (?) of thy finger upon the top of her menaa (shoulder ? or part of arm); [if she] twitches (?) 3 [she will bear a child] [but if she ? does] not twitch (?), she will not bear a child ever.

    1 Stephen Quirke: Another instance.
    2 Stephen Quirke: You should pummel for it
    3 Stephen Quirke: [If .. ] hurts

    30. Another time
    (Say) “O thou calf of Horus ……………………… I am upon …………….. Horus:” or “mayest thou enter the place to which thou art called (?) 1.”
    Is said [this] incantation …………… if (anything) fall from her nostril she will bear a child, if (anything) fall from her vulva she will bear a child, but if …………………. she [will not bear a child] ever.

    1 Stephen Quirke: Go down to the place from which you […]

    31. Another time
    If thou seest her face green 1, but in green (?) thou findest things upon her like ……….. [she will bring forth a m]ale (child), but if thou seest things upon her eyes she will not bear ever.

    1 Stephen Quirke: fresh with freshness

    32. Discernere eam quae concepit 1 …………
    like that “finger upon her menaa .”

    1 Stephen Quirke: Determining a woman who will conceive

    cf case 29

    33. To prevent a woman from biting her tongue 1
    beans, pound 2 ………. upon her jaws (?) 3 the day of birth; it is a cure of biting 4 excellent truly millions of times.

    1 Stephen Quirke: Preventing acute pains of a woman
    2 Stephen Quirke: grind with
    3 Stephen Quirke: at her molars (?)
    4 Stephen Quirke: [This is] an effective (way) to prevent acute pains

    34. [Si inveneris ?] mulierem cujus urina in loco (statu ?) tristi est 1
    si venerit urina ……………. she shall recognize this 2, that (?) she will be so always.